Guide · Updated September 2026

EI sickness benefits and the medical certificate

What the medical certificate for Employment Insurance sickness benefits has to say, who can sign it, whether you send it in, what the benefit pays in 2026, and how to get a certificate in Ontario if you have no family doctor or no OHIP.

The short version. To claim Employment Insurance (EI) sickness benefits you need a medical certificate showing that you are unable to work for medical reasons and for roughly how long. A medical doctor or another listed professional who treats you signs it. It does not have to state your diagnosis. You don't always send it with your application, but you must keep it for six years in case Service Canada asks for it. In 2026 the benefit pays 55% of your insurable earnings, up to $729 a week, for up to 26 weeks.

Key facts at a glance

Do I need a medical certificate for EI sickness benefits?
Yes. Service Canada says you must get a medical certificate showing that you are unable to work for medical reasons and for approximately how long. You can use Service Canada's own form, the Medical certificate for Employment Insurance sickness benefits (INS5140), or the medical professional's own certificate form.
What does the EI medical certificate have to say?
It must be readable and show your name, the date your inability to work began, how long it is expected to last if known, and the treating professional's handwritten, electronic or stamped signature. It should carry their letterhead or official stamp. Service Canada's form does not ask for a diagnosis.
Who can sign an EI medical certificate?
A medical doctor, nurse practitioner, psychologist, chiropractor, podiatrist, optometrist, dentist or midwife who is treating you within their area of practice, in Canada or the United States. Registered nurses can sign only in isolated areas, and public health officials only for quarantine.
Do I send the certificate with my EI application?
Only if Service Canada asks. You may be asked to submit it with your application; if you aren't, you must keep it for six years in case Service Canada asks for it later. You can upload it through My Service Canada Account, mail it, or take it to a Service Canada office.
How much do EI sickness benefits pay in 2026?
55% of your insurable earnings, up to a maximum of $729 a week, for up to 26 weeks. There is a one-week waiting period before payments start, and you must send Service Canada a report every two weeks while you receive benefits.
Who qualifies for EI sickness benefits?
You must be unable to work for medical reasons, your regular weekly earnings must have dropped by more than 40% for at least one week, and you need 600 insured hours of work in the 52 weeks before your claim or since your last claim, whichever is shorter.
When should I apply?
As soon as possible after you stop working. Service Canada warns that if you apply more than four weeks after your last day of work, you may lose benefits.
Can I get the certificate without a family doctor or OHIP?
Yes. Any medical doctor who treats you can sign it. Doctor Fran physicians are licensed in Ontario and can assess you by phone. If your condition stops you from working, they complete the certificate as part of the flat $82 visit, with no health card needed.

In this guide

  1. Do you need a medical certificate?
  2. What the certificate must say
  3. Who can sign it
  4. Sending it in, or keeping it
  5. Who qualifies for sickness benefits
  6. How much they pay, and for how long
  7. How to apply, step by step
  8. Is your job protected?
  9. Getting a certificate without a family doctor
  10. Frequently asked questions

Do you need a medical certificate for EI sickness benefits?

Yes. Service Canada, the federal department that runs Employment Insurance, states that you must get a medical certificate showing you are unable to work for medical reasons and for approximately how long.

EI sickness benefits are for people who cannot work because of illness, injury or quarantine. They replace part of your income while you are off. They are paid by the federal government, so the rules below are the same in Ontario as anywhere else in Canada.

Sickness benefits are not limited to physical illness. Psychologists are among the professionals who can sign the certificate, and our guide to stress and mental-health leave in Ontario covers that situation in more detail.

What does the EI medical certificate have to say?

Your name, when your inability to work started, and how long it is expected to last. Service Canada lists these requirements. The certificate must:

The professional can use Service Canada's own form or their own certificate form. Either is accepted.

What is form INS5140?

INS5140 is Service Canada's Medical certificate for Employment Insurance sickness benefits. It is one page with two parts:

What each person fills in on form INS5140
SectionWho fills it inWhat it asks for
Section 1YouName, Social Insurance Number, date of birth, address and telephone number
Section 2The medical professionalThe dates you are unable to work for medical reasons ("from … up to and including …"), their name, speciality, licence or registration number, address, signature and the date

Source: Service Canada form SC INS5140 (version 2025-01-007), read 16 September 2026.

The form does not ask for a diagnosis. The professional confirms only that you can't work, and for which dates. You fill in Section 1 yourself, so you don't need to give your Social Insurance Number to the clinic.

Who can sign an EI medical certificate?

A medical professional who is treating you, within their area of practice. Service Canada accepts certificates from:

The professional must be in Canada or the United States. Service Canada adds that the professional may charge you a fee for completing the certificate.

Do you send the certificate with your application?

Only if Service Canada asks. In Service Canada's words: "You may be asked to submit your medical certificate with your application. If not, keep it for 6 years in case we ask you to submit it later."

When you do need to send it, you have three options:

Keep a copy either way. A photo or scan saved somewhere safe is the simplest way to keep it for six years.

Who qualifies for EI sickness benefits?

Service Canada sets four conditions. You must:

  1. be unable to work for medical reasons
  2. have had your regular weekly earnings from work drop by more than 40% for at least one week
  3. have 600 insured hours of work in the 52 weeks before your claim starts, or since the start of your last claim, whichever is shorter
  4. be otherwise available for work, if it weren't for your medical condition

The last condition matters if you had other plans. Steps to Justice, a legal information service run by Community Legal Education Ontario, notes that commitments such as full-time school may affect whether you are considered available.

How much do EI sickness benefits pay, and for how long?

55% of your insurable earnings, up to $729 a week in 2026, for up to 26 weeks.

EI sickness benefits at a glance, 2026
Item2026 rule
Rate55% of your average insurable weekly earnings, worked out from your best-paid weeks (14 to 22 weeks, depending on where you live)
Maximum$729 a week
LengthUp to 26 weeks, for claims started on or after 18 December 2022 (it was 15 weeks before)
Waiting periodOne week with no payment before benefits start
Low-income familiesA family supplement may be added if your family income is $25,921 or less and you have children, but the total still can't exceed $729 a week
ReportingA report to Service Canada every two weeks, including any work or money you earned

Sources: Service Canada, EI sickness benefits pages (amount page modified 31 December 2025; application pages modified 2 June 2026) and the 18 December 2022 extension notice. Figures current as of September 2026.

Insurable earnings include wages, tips, bonuses and commissions. Service Canada recommends its EI Benefits Estimator to check what you might receive before you apply. Some employers top up EI; ask yours.

If you work or earn money while on benefits, you must declare it on your report. Service Canada warns that if you don't, you risk being overpaid and having to pay it back.

How do you apply for EI sickness benefits?

Online, as soon as possible after you stop working. Service Canada warns that if you apply more than four weeks after your last day of work, you may lose benefits.

  1. Get your medical certificate. Ask the medical professional treating you to complete Service Canada's form or their own certificate.
  2. Gather your details: your Social Insurance Number, your parent's last name at birth, your banking details for direct deposit, and the names, addresses and dates of every employer you had in the past 52 weeks, with the reason each job ended or paused.
  3. Check your Record of Employment. Most employers send it to Service Canada electronically. If yours issued a paper one, get a copy and submit it as soon as possible after you apply.
  4. Apply online through Service Canada's EI application.
  5. Watch your mail and account. Service Canada mails a benefit statement with a four-digit access code, which you need for your reports. You can follow your claim in My Service Canada Account.
  6. Send your reports every two weeks for as long as you receive benefits.

Is your job protected while you're on EI sickness benefits?

Not by EI itself. EI replaces part of your income. Whether your employer must hold your job depends on employment law, and in Ontario that is mainly the Employment Standards Act, 2000 (ESA).

The 27 weeks of Ontario leave line up closely with the 26 weeks of EI. They are separate systems with separate paperwork, so one certificate may not cover both.

Which medical document each program asks for
What you're claimingRun byMedical document
EI sickness benefits (income)Service CanadaMedical certificate showing you can't work and for roughly how long. No diagnosis needed
ESA sick leave, up to 3 days (job protection)Your employer, under Ontario lawYour employer can't require one from a health practitioner
ESA long-term illness leave, up to 27 weeks (job protection)Your employer, under Ontario lawIf your employer asks: a certificate naming you, stating you have a serious medical condition, and giving the period you'll be off
Workplace short-term disability (income)Your employer's insurerThe insurer's own forms, which set their own requirements

Sources: Service Canada; Ontario Ministry of Labour, Immigration, Training and Skills Development, Your guide to the Employment Standards Act (sick leave page updated 5 February 2026; long-term illness leave page updated 9 January 2026); Employment and Social Development Canada, federal labour standards (modified 13 May 2026).

How can you get an EI medical certificate without a family doctor?

From any medical doctor who assesses and treats you. Service Canada doesn't require the certificate to come from a family doctor. It requires a listed professional who is treating you.

If you have no family doctor, or no OHIP, Doctor Fran offers phone consultations with physicians licensed in Ontario and registered with the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario (CPSO):

For a short absence where your employer only wants a note, our guide to doctor's notes for work explains what you need, and when your employer can't ask for one at all.

Frequently asked questions

Can I get EI sickness benefits without a medical certificate?

No. Service Canada says you must get a medical certificate showing that you are unable to work for medical reasons and for approximately how long. You may not have to send it with your application, but you must keep it for six years in case Service Canada asks for it.

Does the EI medical certificate need a diagnosis?

No. Service Canada's form INS5140 asks the medical professional only for the dates you are unable to work for medical reasons, plus their name, speciality, licence number, address and signature. Service Canada's listed requirements for any certificate are your name, the start date and expected length of your incapacity, and the professional's signature.

Can a nurse practitioner or psychologist sign the EI medical certificate?

Yes. Service Canada accepts certificates from nurse practitioners and psychologists, as well as medical doctors, chiropractors, podiatrists, optometrists, dentists and midwives, as long as they are treating you within their area of practice in Canada or the United States.

How long can I get EI sickness benefits?

Up to 26 weeks, for claims started on or after 18 December 2022. Before that date the maximum was 15 weeks. The first week of a claim is an unpaid waiting period.

What is the maximum EI sickness benefit in 2026?

$729 a week. Service Canada pays 55% of your insurable earnings up to that maximum. A family supplement may apply to families with children and income of $25,921 or less, but the total weekly amount still can't exceed $729.

Can I apply for EI sickness benefits late?

You should apply as soon as possible after you stop working. Service Canada warns that if you apply more than four weeks after your last day of work, you may lose benefits.

Does EI sickness protect my job in Ontario?

No. EI replaces part of your income only. In Ontario, job protection comes from the Employment Standards Act: up to 3 unpaid sick days a year, and, since 19 June 2025, up to 27 weeks of unpaid long-term illness leave in a 52-week period for a serious medical condition once you have worked for your employer for 13 consecutive weeks.

Can I get an EI medical certificate online in Ontario?

Yes, if a physician assesses you and finds that you are unable to work. Doctor Fran physicians are licensed in Ontario and assess patients by phone. The certificate is included in the flat $82 visit, with no health card needed. If your condition needs a physical examination, the physician will refer you to a clinic in person.

Related guides

The EI sickness rules, rates and certificate requirements were read on Service Canada's own pages and form INS5140, and the Ontario leave rules on the Ministry of Labour's guide to the Employment Standards Act, on 16 September 2026. Rates change each January; check Service Canada before you apply. This page is general information, not medical or legal advice. In an emergency, call 911.

Sources & references: Service Canada — EI sickness benefits, do you qualify, how much you could receive, apply, after you apply, Medical certificate for Employment Insurance sickness benefits (INS5140) and extension to 26 weeks (2022); Ontario Ministry of Labour, Immigration, Training and Skills Development — sick leave and long-term illness leave; Employment and Social Development Canada — leaves in federally regulated workplaces; Steps to Justice — I am too sick to work. Can I get EI? Doctor Fran is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or acting on behalf of Service Canada, Employment and Social Development Canada, or the Government of Ontario.

Need an EI medical certificate?

Speak to a physician licensed in Ontario by phone. If you're unable to work, the certificate is included in the flat $82 visit, with no health card needed.

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